1. I think that the person accused should know the nature of the accusation made.
我认为被控告者应该获悉对他的控告的性质。
2. He should be given an opportunity to state his case.
他应该有陈述意见的机会。
State one’s case:陈述自己的情况和理由。
3. The tribunal should act in good faith.
裁判机关必须公正。
In good faith:真诚地。
4. Bias has been described as a departure from that standard of even-handed justice.
偏见被认为是偏离了公正执法的准则。
Departure(from):违背、背离。
Even-handed:公正的；even-handed justice:公平执法。
5. Objection can not be taken to everything which might raise a suspicion in somebody’s mind.
Take(make an) objection to:对…表示反对。
不是每一件使人怀疑的事都要予以反对。
6. Waiver or acquiescence presupposes that the person to be bound is fully cognizant of his rights.
放弃或默认的权利应当是以当事人已充分认识他的权利为前提。
Acquiescence:默认、默许。
Presuppose:以…先决条件。
Cognizant(of):认知、知晓。
7. The judge must not hear the evidence or the representations from one side behind the back of the other.
法官不能背着一方当事人听取另一方当事人的证词或陈述。
Representation:陈述。
Behind sb.’s back:在某人背后，背着某人。
8. A party must be given fair notice of the case made against him.
当事人一方应当被告知他被指控的理由。
Notice:通知、警告。
9. He must know what evidence has been given and what statements have been made affecting him.
他应当有权知晓裁判机关得到了哪些证据，以及哪些涉及他的控告内容。
10. The rules of natural justice are not rigid.
自然公正原则不是僵化的东西。
Natural justice:自然公正。
11. No words which are of universal application to every kind of inquiry and every kind of domestic tribunal.
没有哪一种解释可以普遍适用于每一种案件和每一类裁判机关。
12. This principle was very closely and carefully examined.
这个原则受到了严密而仔细的审查。
13. Nature justice requires that the procedure before any tribunal which is acting judicially shall be fair in all the circumstances.
自然公正要求任何行使司法权力的法庭所适用的程序在任何情况下都是公正的。
14. I would be sorry to see this fundamental general principle degenerate into a series of hard and fast rules.
我很遗憾地看到这一重要的普遍原则已退化成一系列的不容违反的刻板的规则。
Hard and fast:严格的，不容变通的。
15. In the application of the concept of fair play, there must be real flexibility.
公正平等的观念，必须加以灵活运用。
16. The audi alteram partem rule required that the person charged should have the opportunity of being heard in his own defence in a matter in which such right shall be worth what it is meant to be.
“听取双方陈述”的原则要求被指控的人应该有机会在他值得行使陈述权的情况下充分行使。
Have the opportunity of doing sth.:有机会做某事。
Defence: 辩护、答辩。
audi alteram partem：听取双方意见。
17. That tribunal might not continue to hear evidence privately after the oral hearing and before arriving at its decision.
法庭不能在口头听证之后，判决作出之前，继续不公开地听取证词。
Arrive at (come into) a decision:作出决定（判决）。
18. A chief constable was acquitted of charges of corruption.
一个曾被指控腐化的警察局长被宣告无罪。
Chief constable:警察局长。
Be acquitted of (acquit sb. of ): 宣判无罪。
19. But the Watch Committee in arriving at their decision considered (inter alia) his own statement in evidence and the observations made by the trial judge.
但公安委员会在作出该决定时考虑了被告本人的证词，以及初审法官的意见。
Watch committee:（管理公安、灯火等事宜的）市镇委员会。
Inter alia: 除其它事项外、特别是。
Observation:意见、言论。
Trial judge:初审法官。
20. It is well established the essential requirements of natural justice.
自然公正的本质要求得到了充分确定。
Established: 确立的、确定的。
21. The tribunal should make its determination on the documents.
法庭应该在有关文件的基础上作出裁决。
22. It was held that in following the procedure laid down by the Act and not extending it go give the taxpayers the right to see the counterstatement, the tribunal was not acting unfairly or contrary to the rules of natural justice.
判决认为，法庭已遵从了该法规定的程序，没有给予纳税人查阅答辩材料权利的做法并未有失公允或违反自然公正原则。
Lay down:规定、制定。
Taxpayer:纳税人。
Counterstatement:答辩。
23. Much of the information would be confidential.
大部分信息将会是保密的。
Confidential:保密的、机密的。
24. the judge or the adjudicator should not there for take into account information derived from other sources.
法官或裁判者不能考虑采用从其他的渠道得到的证据。
Adjudicator:判决者、评判员。
Take into account:考虑、重视。
Derive from:起源、衍生。
25. There is no obligation on an administrative tribunal to adopt the regular forms of procedure of a court of law.
行政裁判机构没有采用法院所适用的司法程序固定模式的义务。
A court of law:法院、法庭。
Lay an obligation on sb.:使某人负有义务。
26. Originally, the principles natural justice were only used in the narrow context of a court of law.
最初，自然公正原则仅被法院所适用。
27. They must deal with the question without bias.
他们必须无偏见地解决问题。
28. In some cases administrative powers have been characterised as non-judicial.
在一些情况下，行政权力具有非司法性质的特点。
In some cases:在一些情况下。
Judicial:司法的，审判的。
Characterise: 表示…的特性，成为…的特性。
29. Dismissal from an office where there must be something against a man to warrant his dismissal.
将某人撤职就必须有对他不利的证据来证明这种撤职决定的正当性。
Dismissal:免职，开除。
Warrant:证明…是正当的。
30. The rules of natural justice are applicable also in the proceedings of labour tribunals.
自然公正原则还适用于劳资纠纷裁判。
Proceeding:诉讼，程序。
Applicable:可适用的，合适的。
Tribunal:特别法庭、审理团、裁判。
31. There must be displayed that measure of natural justice in the conduct of proceedings.
程序的运作必须体现公平正义的尺度。
Measure:程度、限度、分寸。
32. Taxation was purely administrative.
征税行为是纯粹的行政行为。
33. There was no requirement that he should afford the taxpayer an opportunity to be heard.
他无须给予纳税人陈述的机会。
34. It has also been held that the rules of natural justice must be observed by the tribunal that decides on expulsion from membership of a trade union or imposes fines or forfeitures.
法院还认为，行政裁判机关在作出开除工会会员资格以及有关罚款和没收的决定时，都必须遵循自然公正的原则。
Expulsion:驱逐、开除。
Forfeiture:丧失、没收。
35. It is not necessary to label the proceedings “judicial”, “quasi-judicial”, “administrative” or “investigatory”.
没有必要将有关的程序贴上司法的、准司法的、行政性的或调查性的标签。
Quasi-judicial:准司法性的，具有部分司法权的。
Quasi-:前缀，表示“类似、准、半”。
36. The characteristic of the proceedings required the inspectors to act fairly.
程序的特点要求视察员公平地行使权力。
37. A tort is a civil as opposed to a criminal wrong.
侵权是一种与刑事过错相对应的民事过错。
38. A tort is a wrong, but it must be distinguished from a crime.
侵权行为是一种过错行为，但它有别于犯罪。
39. It is possible that the one action may amount to both a tort and a crime.
某些行为有可能既是侵权行为，又是犯罪行为。
Amount to :相当于、等于、就是。
40. A person who commits a tort is called a tortfeasor.
实施侵权行为的人被称为侵权行为人。
Tortfeasor：侵权人。
41. The law of tort is common-law based.
侵权行为法以普通法为基础。
42. The aim of the law of torts is different from the criminal law.
侵权行为法的目的有别于刑法。
43. Negligence is one of the better known torts.
过失是主要的侵权行为之一。
Negligence：过失、疏忽。
44. In certain situations the law imposes a duty on a person to act with care towards others.
在某些情况下，法律要求人们在做某种行为时，对其他人负有注意的义务。
45. Negligence as a tort is the breach of a legal duty to take care which results in damage, undesired by the defendant, to the plaintiff.
作为侵权行为的过失是被告对注意这一法定义务的违反，从而使原告遭受损失，这一结果并非出于被告本意。
Undesired：不希望得到的，非所要求的。
Defendant：被告。
Plaintiff：原告。
46. A duty of care must be owed by one person to another.
一个人对另一人负有注意的义务。
47. The law of torts is of fairly recent origin.
侵权行为法的渊源并不久远。
48. She sued the manufacturer for negligence.
她以过失控告制造商。
49. Acts or omissions which any moral code would censure cannot in a practical world would be treated so as to give a right to every person injured by them to demand relief.
道德准则所谴责的作为或不作为并不在现实世界的探讨范围内，以至于人们有权要求就其因此所受的损失给予补救。
Act：作为、行为。
Omission：不作为、疏忽。
Treat：处理、论述、探讨。
Relief：补偿、救济。
50. The test is one of reasonable foreseeability (：an objective test)
对合理的可预见性的测试是客观的。
Foreseeability：可预见性。
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